Used primarily as an antibiotic to treat bacterial infections, especially in patients allergic to penicillin. Commonly prescribed for respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia caused by susceptible organisms. Also used in the prevention and treatment of toxoplasmosis, particularly in pregnant women to reduce the risk of transmission to the fetus. Has been utilized in veterinary medicine for treating infections in animals. Its ability to accumulate in tissues makes it effective for intracellular pathogens. Sometimes used off-label in periodontal infections due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.