Used primarily as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis, this compound is effective in transferring methyl groups to nucleophilic substrates. It finds application in the preparation of methylated derivatives of amines, ethers, and thiols. Due to its reactivity, it is also employed in research settings for DNA alkylation studies, where it can induce mutations for genetic analysis. Its use is generally limited to controlled laboratory environments because of its toxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Handling requires strict safety measures, including use in fume hoods and appropriate personal protective equipment.