Used primarily in scientific research to study beta-adrenergic receptors due to its high affinity as a non-selective beta blocker. It is valuable in radioligand binding assays, often labeled with iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) to map receptor distribution in tissues. Helps in understanding receptor density, binding kinetics, and pharmacological effects of other beta-blocking agents. Also used in cardiovascular research to investigate heart function and hypertension mechanisms. Not used clinically as a therapeutic drug.