Used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and gastrointestinal infections caused by susceptible bacteria. It is effective against both Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria. Commonly administered in hospitals and clinics, especially when penicillin-resistant strains are a concern. Also used in veterinary medicine and in cell culture to prevent bacterial contamination. Often included in combination therapies for more effective treatment.