Used in biochemical and analytical laboratories to maintain a stable pH environment, especially in enzyme reactions and protein studies where pH control is critical. Commonly applied in DNA extraction protocols to stabilize pH during cell lysis and precipitation steps. Also utilized in chromatography and electrophoresis for consistent pH in running buffers. In pharmaceutical formulations, helps maintain the required pH for drug stability and solubility. Frequently employed in microbial growth media to control acidity during fermentation processes.