Used in biochemical and analytical laboratories to maintain a stable pH environment, particularly in processes like DNA extraction, gel electrophoresis, and enzyme reactions where pH control is critical. Its buffering capacity around pH 4.5 to 5.5 makes it ideal for preserving sample integrity during nucleic acid purification. Also employed in chromatography and spectrophotometric assays to ensure consistent pH conditions. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, it helps in formulation and stability testing of drugs sensitive to pH changes. Additionally, it is used in food and beverage analysis to control acidity during testing procedures.