Used in biochemical and analytical laboratories to maintain a stable pH environment, particularly in processes like DNA extraction, electrophoresis, and enzyme reactions where pH control is critical. Its buffering capacity around pH 4.5–5.5 makes it ideal for preserving sample integrity during chromatography and spectrophotometric assays. Also employed in pharmaceutical formulations to ensure drug stability and in microbiology for culturing organisms sensitive to pH changes. The solution helps prevent drastic pH shifts when small amounts of acid or base are introduced, ensuring consistent experimental results.