Used as an abrasive in grinding and polishing applications due to its hardness and durability. Commonly found in sandpapers, cutting tools, and industrial grinding wheels. Serves as a catalyst support in chemical reactions, especially in petroleum refining and emission control systems. Employed in the production of refractory materials because of its high melting point and thermal stability. Widely used as a coating material to enhance wear and corrosion resistance on metal surfaces. Found in electronic substrates and insulating components due to its electrical insulation properties. Utilized in biomedical applications such as in dental composites and prosthetics. Also acts as a filler in plastics and coatings to improve mechanical strength and thermal performance.