Used as a versatile ligand in coordination chemistry, particularly in the formation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and supramolecular architectures. Its four pyridyl nitrogen donors enable multi-dentate binding to metal ions, facilitating the assembly of complex, porous networks with potential applications in gas storage, catalysis, and molecular sensing. Exhibits strong metal-to-ligand charge transfer interactions, making it useful in photophysical studies and the development of luminescent materials. Also employed in electroactive materials research due to its redox-active nature and ability to stabilize mixed-valence states in polynuclear metal complexes.