Used as a solid lubricant in high-temperature and high-vacuum environments where conventional lubricants fail. Effective in aerospace and defense applications due to its stability under extreme conditions. Also applied as a catalyst in hydrodesulfurization processes to remove sulfur from crude oil. Investigated for use in electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions due to its conductive and catalytic properties. Employed in the development of wear-resistant coatings for mechanical components. Shows potential in nanotechnology, particularly in 2D materials for electronic and optoelectronic devices.