Used as a solid lubricant in high-temperature and high-vacuum environments where conventional lubricants fail. Effective in aerospace and automotive applications due to its stability under extreme conditions. Also applied in catalysis, particularly in hydrodesulfurization processes to remove sulfur from crude oil. Investigated for use in semiconductor devices and electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions due to its electronic properties. Shows potential in nanotechnology as a component of two-dimensional materials for electronic and optoelectronic applications.