Trisodium tetraoxovanadate dodecahydrate (Na₃VO₄·12H₂O) is a versatile reagent with applications in both chemical synthesis and biochemical research.

In organic chemistry, it serves as a catalyst in oxidation reactions, particularly for the selective oxidation of alcohols and alkenes. It facilitates efficient and clean oxidation processes, contributing to the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, it is used in research on vanadium-dependent processes and in electrochemical applications, such as the development of battery materials. Its hydrated form ensures stability in aqueous reaction systems, making it ideal for water-based catalytic reactions.

In biochemical and molecular biology research, it acts as a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases, preserving the phosphorylation status of proteins. This is crucial for studying cell signaling pathways, protein extraction, and techniques like Western blotting to prevent dephosphorylation during sample preparation. It is employed in investigations of cell division, inflammation, energy metabolism, and insulin signaling pathways, with applications in diabetes research and pharmacological studies.