Used as a solid lubricant in high-temperature and high-vacuum environments where traditional lubricants like graphite or molybdenum disulfide may fail. It performs well under extreme pressure and maintains stability in inert or reducing atmospheres. Applied in aerospace components, such as bearings and gears, and in the manufacturing of electronic devices due to its semiconducting properties.

Also widely used as a catalyst in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) processes to remove sulfur from crude oil and petroleum products, often in combination with nickel or cobalt promoters, improving fuel cleanliness and reducing SO₂ emissions. Additionally, investigated for electrocatalytic applications, particularly in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), owing to its layered structure and active edge sites. Employed in high-temperature materials and corrosion-resistant coatings for harsh environments, such as chemical industry equipment and high-temperature engine parts.