Naspm trihydrochloride is primarily used in research settings, particularly in the study of ion channels and receptors in the nervous system. It acts as a selective antagonist for certain types of glutamate receptors, specifically AMPA receptors, which play a crucial role in synaptic transmission and plasticity. By blocking these receptors, it helps scientists investigate the mechanisms underlying excitatory signaling in the brain, contributing to a better understanding of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, it is employed in electrophysiological experiments to dissect the functional roles of AMPA receptors in various neural circuits. Its application is largely confined to laboratory studies, aiding in the development of potential therapeutic strategies targeting glutamate-related pathways.