Fanapanel hydrate is primarily used in neurological research and drug development. It acts as a selective antagonist for certain glutamate receptors, making it valuable in studying neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Its application extends to investigating stroke recovery and brain injury mechanisms, as it helps modulate excitotoxicity—a process where excessive glutamate leads to neuronal damage. Researchers also explore its potential in treating epilepsy and other seizure disorders by targeting overactive neural pathways. Additionally, it serves as a tool in understanding synaptic plasticity and memory formation, contributing to advancements in cognitive and behavioral neuroscience.