GSK656 is primarily investigated for its potential application in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), particularly drug-resistant strains. It functions as a novel antibiotic targeting the mycobacterial enzyme Leucyl-tRNA synthetase, which is crucial for protein synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. By inhibiting this enzyme, GSK656 disrupts bacterial growth and survival, offering a promising approach to combat TB infections that are resistant to conventional therapies. Its development is part of ongoing efforts to address the global health challenge posed by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.