Used as a potent immunostimulant in research settings, particularly for activating innate immune responses. It serves as a model compound to study NOD2 receptor signaling pathways, which play a key role in detecting bacterial cell wall components and triggering inflammation. Commonly employed in cellular assays to investigate host-pathogen interactions, immune defense mechanisms, and inflammatory diseases such as Crohn’s disease. Also utilized in vaccine development studies to enhance immune recognition and response.