D-Serine is primarily used in neuroscience research due to its role as a co-agonist at the NMDA receptor, which is critical for synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. It modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission and is investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in psychiatric and neurological disorders such as schizophrenia, where NMDA receptor hypofunction is implicated. Clinical studies have explored D-serine supplementation to improve cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients, often as an add-on to antipsychotic medications. It is also studied in stroke and neurodegenerative conditions for its neuroprotective and neuromodulatory properties. Additionally, D-serine serves as a biomarker in renal and neurological diseases due to its metabolism and excretion patterns. Its application extends to cell culture media formulations where it supports neuronal cell growth and function.