Used extensively in cell culture media to support the growth and proliferation of mammalian cells, particularly in biopharmaceutical production. Serves as a key energy source for rapidly dividing cells, including immune cells and intestinal epithelial cells. Commonly added to nutritional supplements for athletes to support muscle recovery and reduce exercise-induced fatigue. Employed in medical nutrition therapy for patients with critical illnesses, burns, or gastrointestinal disorders to help maintain gut barrier function and support immune response. Also utilized in the formulation of certain intravenous feeding solutions to prevent glutamine depletion during metabolic stress.