(S)-3-Aminopentanoic acid hydrochloride is primarily used in pharmaceutical research and development. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various bioactive compounds, particularly those targeting neurological disorders. Its chiral structure makes it valuable in the production of enantiomerically pure drugs, enhancing their efficacy and reducing side effects. Additionally, it is utilized in the study of amino acid metabolism and as a building block in peptide synthesis for therapeutic applications.