Used in cell culture media and biopharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent and stabilizer. Helps maintain pH during storage and delivery of sensitive biological drugs. Commonly found in parenteral nutrition solutions to supply essential amino acids, especially in infants and patients unable to intake protein orally. Also serves as a nutrient in microbial fermentation processes and supports the growth of certain cell lines in laboratory settings. Its antioxidant properties make it useful in protecting proteins and peptides from degradation.