Aluminum sulfide is primarily used in the production of hydrogen sulfide gas through its reaction with water or acids. This property makes it valuable in laboratories and industrial settings where controlled generation of hydrogen sulfide is required for chemical synthesis or analysis.

It also serves as a precursor in the synthesis of various aluminum and sulfur-containing compounds used in specialized materials and ceramics. In some metallurgical processes, aluminum sulfide acts as a sulfiding agent to modify metal surfaces or facilitate the extraction of certain metals.

Additionally, it finds use in the development of solid-state electrolytes and semiconductor materials due to its ionic conductivity and electronic properties under specific conditions. Its reactivity and ability to release sulfur at high temperatures make it suitable for use in certain high-temperature chemical reactions and in the preparation of sulfide-based glasses.