Miglitol is primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It functions as an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, which helps to control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine. This results in a slower and lower rise in blood glucose levels after meals. Miglitol is often prescribed alongside a proper diet and exercise regimen to enhance its effectiveness. It is particularly beneficial for individuals who experience postprandial hyperglycemia, as it helps to stabilize blood sugar spikes that occur after eating. Additionally, miglitol is sometimes used in combination with other antidiabetic medications, such as metformin or sulfonylureas, to achieve better glycemic control. It is important for patients to adhere to dietary recommendations while taking miglitol, as its efficacy is closely tied to carbohydrate intake.