Castanospermine is widely studied for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the treatment of viral infections and cancer. It acts as an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, which makes it effective in disrupting the glycosylation process of viral proteins, thereby inhibiting the replication of viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B. In cancer research, it is explored for its ability to interfere with tumor growth by altering glycoprotein processing in cancer cells. Additionally, castanospermine is being investigated for its potential in managing diabetes, as it can modulate carbohydrate metabolism. Its immunomodulatory properties also make it a candidate for treating autoimmune diseases. Ongoing research continues to explore its diverse pharmacological applications.