Used as a building block in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of conjugated polymers and molecular wires due to its rigid aromatic backbone and reactive ethynyl groups. It plays a key role in cross-coupling reactions, such as Sonogashira coupling, enabling the construction of extended π-systems for optoelectronic materials. Also employed in the development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), where its linear geometry and reactivity help form porous, stable networks. Additionally, it serves as a precursor in synthesizing carbon-rich compounds and nanostructures, including graphene-like materials and carbon nanotubes, through controlled cyclization and polymerization processes.