Used primarily as a precursor in the synthesis of germanium-containing materials, especially in sol-gel processes for producing germanium-based oxides and hybrid organic-inorganic films. Its reactivity allows for the formation of germanium-oxygen networks at relatively low temperatures, making it suitable for coatings and thin films in electronic and optical applications. It also serves in surface modification of nanoparticles and in the development of specialty glasses with tailored refractive indices and thermal stability. Due to its alkoxide groups, it can be easily hydrolyzed and condensed to form networks useful in catalysis support and sensor materials.