Used primarily as a precursor in the synthesis of germanium-containing thin films and coatings through sol-gel processes. These films are applied in optical coatings and semiconductor devices due to their favorable refractive index and electronic properties. Also employed in the preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid materials for advanced electronic and photonic applications. Its reactivity makes it suitable for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques, where controlled decomposition yields high-purity germanium oxide layers. Additionally, it serves as a catalyst or intermediate in select organic transformations, particularly in condensation and esterification reactions.