Used primarily as a pharmacological research agent due to its emetic properties, inducing vomiting through stimulation of the central nervous system. Employed in studies related to cough reflex and respiratory tract clearance mechanisms. Also investigated for potential antiviral and antiparasitic activities, particularly in early-stage research against certain RNA viruses and protozoan infections. Historically utilized in traditional medicine as an expectorant and to treat respiratory conditions, though its use in clinical medicine is now limited due to toxicity concerns.