CGS 21680 is primarily used in research settings to study adenosine A2A receptors due to its high selectivity and potency as an agonist. It is widely utilized in pharmacological studies to investigate the role of adenosine signaling in various physiological processes, such as cardiovascular function, inflammation, and neuroprotection. In neuroscience, it helps explore the receptor's involvement in modulating dopamine signaling, which is relevant to conditions like Parkinson's disease and addiction. Additionally, CGS 21680 is employed in experimental models to examine its potential anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory effects, making it valuable for understanding therapeutic targets in diseases like ischemia and chronic inflammation. Its application is largely confined to laboratory research, contributing to the development of novel drugs targeting adenosine receptors.