CL2A-SN-38 is primarily used in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for targeted cancer therapy. It functions as a potent cytotoxic payload linked to monoclonal antibodies that recognize specific tumor cell surface antigens. Once the antibody binds to the cancer cell, the conjugate is internalized, and CL2A-SN-38 is released intracellularly, where it inhibits topoisomerase I, leading to DNA damage and apoptosis. Its high potency and stability in circulation make it suitable for treating solid tumors with minimal off-target toxicity. This compound is especially valuable in the development of next-generation ADCs due to its effective linker chemistry and controlled drug release profile.