Bromoacetic acid is widely used in organic synthesis as an alkylating agent due to its reactive bromine atom, which readily undergoes nucleophilic substitution. It is commonly employed in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of amino acids, peptides, and heterocyclic compounds. In agricultural chemistry, it is used to manufacture herbicides and plant growth regulators. It is also utilized in the preparation of buffering agents and surfactants. Due to its high reactivity and toxicity, handling requires strict safety controls.