Used as a catalyst in petroleum refining and chemical synthesis, particularly in hydrodesulfurization processes to remove sulfur from fuels. Employed in analytical chemistry for phosphate and silica determination through colorimetric methods. Applied in corrosion inhibition formulations for cooling water systems. Utilized in the production of molybdenum-containing fertilizers for agriculture, especially in soils deficient in molybdenum. Serves as a precursor in the synthesis of other molybdenum compounds and in electroplating baths for depositing molybdenum films. Also used in biological growth media for selective cultivation of certain microorganisms.