Eicosapentaenoyl chloride is primarily used in the synthesis of complex lipids and phospholipids, which are essential components of cell membranes. It plays a significant role in research focused on developing bioactive compounds, particularly those related to omega-3 fatty acids, which are known for their anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular benefits. This compound is also utilized in the preparation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) derivatives, which are studied for their potential therapeutic applications in treating metabolic disorders, neurological conditions, and inflammatory diseases. Additionally, it serves as a key intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals aimed at improving human health through dietary supplementation.