Used primarily in organic synthesis as a strong acid catalyst, it facilitates various chemical reactions, including esterification and condensation processes. Its high acidity and stability make it suitable for use in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, where precise control over reaction conditions is crucial. Additionally, it serves as a buffering agent in biochemical applications, helping to maintain pH levels in enzymatic studies. In industrial settings, it is employed in the production of specialty chemicals and polymers, where its sulfonic acid groups contribute to the modification of material properties. Its dihydrate form ensures better handling and solubility in aqueous solutions, enhancing its utility in diverse applications.