Olumacostat glasaretil is primarily used in the treatment of acne vulgaris. It works by inhibiting acetyl-CoA carboxylase, an enzyme involved in the production of fatty acids in the sebaceous glands. By reducing fatty acid synthesis, it decreases sebum production, which is a key factor in the development of acne. This makes it effective in managing both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions. It is typically applied topically, offering a targeted approach with minimal systemic absorption, thereby reducing the risk of systemic side effects. Its mechanism of action provides a novel alternative to traditional acne treatments, particularly for patients who may not respond well to other therapies.