(2S)-Octyl-α-hydroxyglutarate is primarily used in research related to cancer metabolism and epigenetics. It serves as a cell-permeable analog of α-hydroxyglutarate (α-HG), a metabolite that plays a significant role in regulating cellular processes. This compound is particularly valuable in studying the effects of α-HG on enzymes like DNA and histone demethylases, which are involved in epigenetic modifications. By modulating these enzymes, it helps researchers understand the metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and its impact on tumor growth and progression. Additionally, it is used to explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic pathways in diseases such as gliomas and other cancers associated with mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes. Its application extends to investigating the interplay between metabolism and gene expression in various biological contexts.