Used primarily in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia and other hematologic cancers, this compound acts as a nucleoside analog that interferes with DNA synthesis. It is incorporated into DNA during the S phase of cell division, leading to chain termination and inhibition of DNA polymerase, which ultimately triggers apoptosis in rapidly dividing cancer cells. It is also used in certain viral infections due to its antiviral activity, particularly against herpesviruses. In research, it serves as a tool to synchronize cell cycles and study DNA repair mechanisms. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier makes it useful in treating meningeal leukemia.