Used to measure β-galactosidase enzyme activity in various biological samples. Commonly applied in molecular biology research to study gene expression, particularly in lacZ reporter gene assays. Helps in monitoring promoter activity and gene regulation. Utilized in cell biology to assess cellular senescence, as β-GAL activity increases in aging cells. Also employed in microbiology for studying bacterial enzyme function and metabolism. Provides a quantitative and reliable method for enzyme activity analysis in both research and diagnostic settings.