(S)-Ketorolac is primarily used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to manage moderate to severe pain. It is often administered in post-surgical settings or for conditions like musculoskeletal injuries where effective pain relief is required. The (S)-enantiomer is the active form, providing potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. It works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, reducing the production of prostaglandins that cause pain and inflammation. Due to its strong efficacy, it is commonly used in hospital settings, typically via injection, for short-term pain management. However, it is not recommended for long-term use due to potential side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding or kidney issues.