Used in leather tanning to stabilize collagen structure and improve durability of hides. Acts as a corrosion inhibitor in metal surface treatments, forming protective coatings on steel and copper. Employed in pharmaceuticals as an astringent for topical preparations to reduce skin irritation and minor bleeding. Utilized in wine and beverage industry to adjust taste and remove unwanted proteins. Serves as a mordant in textile dyeing to enhance color fastness. Also applied in adhesives and inks for improved binding and water resistance.